A deadly al-Qaeda attack on an Ivory Coast resort town in March reminded the world that the terror network once led by Osama Bin Laden has not gone away.
But in recent years it has been eclipsed and diminished by the so-called Islamic State group which has attracted global attention, fighters and funds.
So how depleted is the group which in 2001 triggered America's "global war on terror"?
Four experts talk to the BBC World Service Inquiry programme.
Rahimullah Yusufzai: Rise and fall
Rahimullah Yusufzai is the editor of an English daily in Peshawar.
"Because of his education, his travels, his access to modern education and media, Osama Bin Laden knew about the world, about politics, and that's why he was a very charismatic leader for al-Qaeda. Before him, the others were fighting separately, but he brought them together, and then tried to build a coalition against the US and the Western world.
"Al-Qaeda used to say it was the first real jihad - or holy war - after decades, and that's why people flocked to [its training camps in Afghanistan].
"They thought this is the best opportunity to fight jihad and to get trained in modern warfare. They trained thousands. These people eventually became the torch-bearers of jihad in the rest of the world.
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